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Deus otiosus (Latin: "inactive god") is the belief in a Creator deity who has entirely withdrawn from governing the universe after creating it or is no longer involved in its daily operation. In Western philosophy, the concept of deus otiosus has been associated with Deism and the Age of Enlightenment since the 17th century.
Nyāya and Vaiśeṣika atomists held that Creationism when order was imposed on pre-existing matter: the motion of atoms was ascribed to the agency of a Supreme Being, which did not create the universe out of nothing according to the Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika school. In the 11th century CE, the organization of atoms was cited as a proof for the existence of God by some Nyāya and Vaiśeṣika atomists. According to Klaus Klostermaier, the Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika belief in the existence of an Ishvara mirrors the Western belief in deus otiosus, since both are conceived as a Creator deity who retires from the universe after having created the Scientific law. Klostermaier further states that Ishvara can be understood as an eternal God who co-exists in the universe with eternal substances and atoms, describing it as a Divine Watchmaker who "winds up the clock, and lets it run its course".
Similarity to Deus absconditus
A similar concept to the one of deus otiosus is that of deus absconditus (Latin: "hidden god"), formulated by two prominent Scholasticism and Roman Catholic theologians that lived during the Late Middle Ages: Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) (1978). 9780521292689, Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521292689 and Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464). The term is derived from the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, specifically from the Book of Isaiah: "Truly, you are a God who hides himself, Oh Yahweh, the Savior" (). Today, the Christian theological concept of deus absconditus is primarily associated with the theology of Martin Luther and later Protestant theologians. (1983). 9780664227487, Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664227487
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